Molecular detection and drug resistance pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitalized human patients in Mymensingh

T. Haider; M. Hasan; M. A. Kallol; M. A. H. Zihadi; M. S. Islam; M. M. Alam; M. Rahman

T. Haider Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
M. Hasan Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
M. A. Kallol Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh
M. A. H. Zihadi Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
M. S. Islam Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
M. M. Alam Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
M. Rahman Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Keywords: MRSA, nuc gene, mecA gene, antibiotic resistance, human patient

Abstract

Background: The importance of Staphylococcus (S.) aureus as a persistent nosocomial and community acquired pathogen has become a global health concern. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is a major challenge to hospitals all over the world due to the emergence and spread of isolates with decreased susceptibilities to several antibiotic classes. The present study was focused to determine the prevalence of MRSA in clinical specimens and to investigate the sensitivity pattern of these isolates to various antibiotics used for treating hospitalized patients.

Methods: A total of 50 clinical samples consisting of pus, surgical infections, and wounds in different parts of the body and diabetic foot ulcer were collected aseptically from Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) during January to May 2016. Isolation and identification of S. aureus was performed by cultural, morphological, biochemical characteristics and confirmed by amplification of nuc gene by PCR. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was evaluated by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using penicillin G, erythromycin, neomycin, ciprofloxacin and oxacillin. Finally, MRSA was detected by amplification of mecAgene.

Results: Among the 50 samples, 30% (n=15/50) were confirmed as S. aureus and 8 isolates were confirmed as MRSA. The prevalence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates was 53.33% in MMCH. The isolated S. aureus showed 100% resistant to penicillin G, 66.67% to erythromycin, 60.0% to ciprofloxacin and 26.67% to neomycin.

Conclusion: The increased frequency of MRSA and their extended resistance to several antibiotics were found alarming for treatment of MRSA infections in human. None of the five antibiotics is recommended for the treatment of S. aureus infections in humans in MMCH.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33109/bjvmjj2021vph2

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