Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)

Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in domestic and stray cats in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2025-01-25T23:26:40-06:00

Background: Cryptosporidium sp. infection is a significant zoonotic disease affecting both humans and animals, including cats. The primary objectives of this research were to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium sp. infection and to identify the pathological lesions caused by the infection in domestic and stray cats in the Mymensingh district, Bangladesh.

Methods: In this study, fecal samples from 36 cats were collected and analyzed using both direct smear and safranin staining methods to detect Cryptosporidium oocysts. Additionally, the intestines of euthanized cats were examined for gross and microscopic lesions. The study was performed at the Department of Parasitology and the Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Results: A total of 36 adult cats (16 males and 20 females) were examined. Among them, three cats (8.3%; 95% Confidence Interval: 2.2–23.6) tested positive for Cryptosporidium sp. infection. The prevalence was higher in young cats under 1 year of age (16.6%) compared to adult cats over 1 year (4.1%). Females showed a higher prevalence (10%) compared to males (6.2%). The infection was detected throughout the year except during the winter season. Prevalence was higher during the summer season (15.4%) compared to the rainy season (8.3%). However, none of the observed differences in prevalence by age, sex, or season were statistically significant.

Conclusion: The study highlights that Cryptosporidium sp. infection is a health concern for both domestic and stray cats, regardless of their age, sex, or season. Regular screening and treatment of domestic cats are recommended to reduce the risk of zoonotic transmission to humans.

Histomorphometry of the gastrointestinal tract of the broiler and cock chicken in Bangladesh

2025-03-08T23:42:24-06:00

Background: The digestive system of birds is crucial for providing their bodies with the nutrition they require for upkeep, development, and reproduction. The study was conducted to investigate the histological variation of the mucosa of the digestive tract and the distribution pattern of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in broiler and cock.

Methods: A total of 20 (6-7 weeks old) broiler and cock were divided into two equal groups (n=10). After cervical subluxation, different segments of gastrointestinal tract were collected and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain.

Results: The histomorphological study revealed that the proventriculus lamina epithelium was higher in broiler, whereas the esophageal lamina epithelium and tunica mucosa were thicker in cock. The cock had the highest level of proventriculus’s mucosal thickness, villi height and width of jejunum and ileum and small intestine crypt depth. The lymphocyte population in the upper part of the proventriculus and Meckel's diverticulum were highest in the broiler. The highest length, breadth of lymphatic nodules, and crypt depth of Meckel's diverticulum were found in cock. The mucosal thickness and depth of the broiler's caecum and cecal tonsil crypts were the highest. The lymphocyte population of the cecal tonsil and thickness of tunica mucosa, and depth of the crypts of Lieberkuhn’s of colo-rectum were highest in broiler than cock. The lamina propria, lamina epithelium, core of the esophageal villi, the upper part of proventriculus, from duodenum to ileum, Meckel's diverticulum, caecum, cecal tonsil and colo-rectum of the broiler and cock all had high lymphocyte population frequencies.

Conclusion: The study's results indicate significant histological variations in the gastrointestinal tracts and GALT between broiler and cock, potentially impacting their general well-being and productivity.

Determination of effective media and its hormone supplementation on in vitro maturation of crossbred cow oocytes

2025-03-11T01:47:23-05:00

Background: The present experiment was conducted to determine an effective basic medium and its hormone supplementation for in vitro maturation of cow oocytes.

Methods: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Animal Nutrition, Genetics, and Breeding at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, from January 2020 to December 2020. This study assessed the efficacy of Tissue Culture Media 199 (TCM-199) and TCM-199 supplemented with varying dosages of Gonadotropin (0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 15 µg/ml) hormone for the in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes. Synthetic ovurelin is used as a substitute of gonadotropin. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from cow ovaries by aspiration method and matured for 48 hours at 37.5ºC with 5% CO2 in humidified air in basic and supplemented media.

Results: Significantly higher (p<0.05) number of follicles were aspirated in ovaries without corpus luteum (CL) (4.59±0.27) compared with ovaries containing CL (3.05±0.13). Consequently, more COCs were found in ovaries without CL (4.61±0.25) than in ovaries with CL (1.98±0.16). The maturation rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in (TCM-199 supplemented with gonadotropin 10 µg/ml) medium (65.71±2.74) than in other treatments. A higher maturation rate was found up to 10 µg/ml gonadotropin supplementation, but the maturation rate began to decline when the dose exceeded 10 µg/ml.

Conclusion: Therefore, ovaries without CL could be used in TCM-199, supplemented with Gonadotropin (10 µg/ml) as basic medium for optimal in vitro maturation rates of cow oocytes.